Note 52 Employee benefit expense

€ million	2023		2022
Salaries		123		102
Social security premiums		15		11
Pension costs:
- contributions paid to multi-employer plans that are accounted for as defined-contribution plans		19		17
Termination benefit expenses		-		1
Long-term employee benefit expenses		3		-12
Other staff costs		14		11
Subtotal		174		130

Charged to other organisational units		-11		-9

Total		163		121

The employee benefit expense item mainly concerns the costs of group-wide activities at holding company level.

Nearly all the personnel are on the Alliander N.V. payroll. Employee benefit expenses are charged to the organisational units where these employees work. Employee benefit expenses in the income statement totalled €129 million in 2023 (2022: €121 million), and relate to employees working in the Alliander N.V. corporate staff departments and service units.

The number of employees, based on a 38-hour week (FTEs), at year-end 2023 was 1,563 (2022: 1,365). The proportion of costs attributable to the direct deployment of Alliander staff on projects at other organisational units has been deducted from Alliander’s employee benefit expenses.

Remuneration of the Management Board and the Supervisory Board

Please see note 24 for further information.